![]() These are estimates-the electron shells have no solid surfaces. How does the radius of the atom when potassium K loses an electron? When carbon loses an electron? Is there a trend in the radius change? Notice that we assume no vacuum between the atoms.Ĭompare the size of neutral atoms (red) and ions (green) in this periodic table arrangement of radius information. For example, in diamond, the carbon nuclei are 154 picometers apart, so the diameter of each carbon atom is estimated to be half that, or 77 pm. Sizes can be estimated by finding the distance between centers of atoms in pure substances of the element (using electron microscopes to examine the surface of the sample). So mass should increase across periodic table rows from left to right and down periodic table columns experimental evidence supports this prediction.Ītomic size does not follow such simple rules. ![]() We know that mass increases as the atomic number increases, and depends primarily on the number of protons and neutrons in the atoms. We've discussed mass at length by doing molar mass conversions. Atomic propertiesĪtomic properties include size and mass. Now we look at other "trends" in the table for atomic size, ionization energy, electron affinity, ion sizes, and chemical reaction properties. Last time, we looked at how the periodic table can give us clues to the electron configuration of different elements in their ground state.
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